Everything is on the Table: Agriculture in the Canada-EU Trade Agreement

trade, eu, canada, agreement, agriculture, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade,

Kinetic equations for Stark line shapes

The BBGKY formalism is revisited in the framework of plasma spectroscopy. We address the issue of Stark line shape modeling by using kinetic transport equations. In the most simplified treatment of these equations, triple correlations between an emitter and the perturbing charged particles are neglected and a collisional description of Stark effect is obtained. Here we relax this assumption and retain triple correlations using a generalization of the Kirkwood truncature hypothesis to quantum operator. An application to hydrogen lines is done in the context of plasma diagnostic, and indicates that the neglect of triple correlations can lead to a significant overestimate of the line width.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur

Single Event Effects in the Pixel readout chip for BTeV

In future experiments the readout electronics for pixel detectors is required to be resistant to a very high radiation level. In this paper we report on irradiation tests performed on several preFPIX2 prototype pixel readout chips for the BTeV experiment exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam. The prototype chips have been implemented in commercial 0.25 um CMOS processes following radiation tolerant design rules. The results show that this ASIC design tolerates a large total radiation dose, and that radiation induced Single Event Effects occur at a manageable level.Comment: 15 pages, 6 Postscript figure

Dysphagia caused by a lateral medullary infarction syndrome (Wallenberg’s syndrome)

A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital for a dysphagia evolving for 10 days. Clinical examination had found neurological signs ascontralateral Horner’s syndrome, ipsilateral palatal paresis, gait ataxia and hoarseness. Video-fluoroscopy showed a lack of passage of contrastmedium to the distal esophagus. Esogastroduodenoscopy was normal. The cranial MRI had shown an acute ischemic stroke in the left lateral medullar region and the diagnosis of Wallenberg syndrome (WS) was established. WS remains an unknown cause of dysphagia in the clinical practice of the gastroenterologist.Key words: Dysphagia, lateral medullary infarction, Wallenberg’s syndrome, deglutitio

Proximal clavicle physeal fracture-separation mimicking an anterior sterno-clavicular dislocation

SummaryProximal physeal fracture-separation of the clavicle is a very rare injury occurring in the adolescent and in the young adult which involves a contact loss with fracture between the clavicle and its cartilaginous ossification center similar in appearance to a sternoclavicular dislocation. The authors report an unusual case of a proximal physeal fracture-separation of the clavicle with avulsion of sternoclavicular periosteal and ligamentous structures without vasculonervous injury in a 16-year-old young person. A CT scan examination is essential. Surgical management consisted in costoclavicular ligament and periosteum reattachment associated with reduction of the fracture-separation and pin fixation.This repair demonstrated a successful outcome at 8-month follow-up

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The aim of this study was the assessment of the Regional Myocardial Work (RMW) by measuring the stress-strain relationships in the left myocardium, under basic and ischemic conditions. In 11 swines, 4 Sonometrics crystals were placed in the region perfused by the left anterior descending artery (LAD) circumscribing a tetrahedral myocardial volume (TMV). The 1st crystal was situated 45mm below the pulmonary artery, beside the LAD. Under control of the acquisition device, the 2nd was placed 10mm below the 1st following the LAD, the 3rd 10mm at the left side of the 1st and the 4th in equidistant point between the 1st and the 2nd, 5mm deep within the myocardium. A Millar, omnidirectional pressure catheter was placed within the TMV. The 6 distances and intramyocardial pressure measured were digitized and mathematically synthesized. The variation in TMV strain (µv) and stress (µp) was calculated throughout the cardiac cycle, resulting in 2 equations. The relationships between µp and µv result in a stress-strain loop, from which RMW was calculated. Simultaneously, Pulsed Doppler Tissue Imaging (DTI) assessed systolic (VS), early-diastolic (VE) and latediastolic (VA) myocardial velocities. Measurements were performed under basic (B), during ischemia by occlusion LDA for 40 seconds, after 1 and 15 minutes of reperfusion (Occlusion (O), Reperfusion1 (R1) and 2 (R2) periods). The average of RMW, under basic conditions, wa

Performance of prototype BTeV silicon pixel detectors in a high energy pion beam

The silicon pixel vertex detector is a key element of the BTeV spectrometer. Sensors bump-bonded to prototype front-end devices were tested in a high energy pion beam at Fermilab. The spatial resolution and occupancies as a function of the pion incident angle were measured for various sensor-readout combinations. The data are compared with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation and very good agreement is found.Comment: 24 pages, 20 figure

Beam Test of BTeV Pixel Detectors

The silicon pixel vertex detector is one of the key elements of the BTeV spectrometer. Detector prototypes were tested in a beam at Fermilab. We report here on the measured spatial resolution as a function of the incident angles for different sensor-readout electronics combinations. We compare the results with predictions from our Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Invited talk given by J.C. Wang at "Vertex 2000, 9th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors", Michigan, Sept 10-15, 2000. To be published in NIM